Oxidation-Reduction

flat =Description= __**Description of Suspect and Behavior (Description of Reaction & General Equation)**__ Oxidation-reduction reactions are the chemical reactions whereby electrons are removed (oxidation) from atoms of the substance being oxidized and transferred to those being reduced (reduction). Oxidation-reduction reaction must include both oxidizing and reducing.

-Oxidation is the loss of electrons. (Oxidation number increases) -Reduction is the gain of electrons. (Oxidation number decreases)

 Fe: +3 --> +0 ; Iron is reduced, therefore it is the oxidizing agent. C: +2 --> +4 ; Carbon is oxidized, therefore it is the reducing agent.

=Examples= Examples Illustrating the behavior (Equations) 2HCl + O2 --> Cl2 + H2O 2Al + Fe2O3 --> 2Fe + Al2O3 2IO4 + I + 8H --> I2 + 4H2O CuO + H2 --> Cu + H2O H2+ F2→ 2 HF 3 C + 2 Fe 2 O 3 → 4 Fe + 3 CO 2 I3 + S2O3 ---> I + S4O6 CuSO4 + 2NaOH -> Cu(OH)2 + Na2SO

=Real-Life Examples= __**Real-Life examples showing this behavior and documentation (with equations and video/picture)**__

Space Shuttle Takeoff


 * Selected Chemical-Rocket Fuels**||||||~ Liquid propellants ||
 * ~ Fuel ||~ Oxidizer ||~ Isp (s) ||
 * Hydrogen(LH2) || Oxygen (LOX) || 450 ||
 * Kerosene || LOX || 260 ||
 * Monomethyl hydrazine (MMH) || Nitrogen tetroxide (N2O4) || 310 ||
 * ~ Solid propellants ||
 * ~ Fuel ||~ Oxidizer ||~ Isp (s) ||
 * Powdered Al || Ammonium perchlorate || 270 ||

ammonium perchlorate (NH 4 ClO 4 ) and powdered aluminum, 2H 2 + O 2 →2H 2 O + energy

3 C + 2 Fe 2 O 3 → 4 Fe + 3 CO 2

2 NO3− + 10 e− + 12 H+ → N2 + 6 H2O
 * The reduction of [|nitrate] to [|nitrogen] in the presence of an acid ([|denitrification]):

Pure Iron is Produced in a Blast Furnace 3C + 2Fe2O3 → 4Fe + 3CO2

Rusting: 4Fe + 3O2 → 2Fe2O3

Thomas Roberts C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O  Decay: CxHyOz + O2 → CO2 + H2O
 * //__Respiration (oxidation of gluclose)__//**



2 Cu(//s// ) + O2(//g// ) --> 2 CuO(//s// ) CuO(//s// ) + H2(//g// ) --> Cu(//s// ) + H2O(//g// )

The copper reacts with oxygen from the air. || Hydrogen gas ... || ... reduces the copper oxide. ||
 * [[image:http://jchemed.chem.wisc.edu/JCESoft/CCA/CCA3/STILLS/REDOXCU/REDOXCU/12JPG09/4.JPG width="120" height="90" align="bottom" link="http://jchemed.chem.wisc.edu/JCESoft/CCA/CCA3/STILLS/REDOXCU/REDOXCU/64JPG48/4.JPG"]]

Photosynthesis carbon dioxide + water ==> glucose + oxygen 6CO2 + 6H2O ==> C6H12O6 + 6O

oxidation-reduction reactions virtually define the world of iron. Found naturally only in ores, the element is purified by heating the ore with coke (impure carbon) in the presence of oxygen, such that the coke reduces the iron. =Student Experiments= __**Re-creation of the crime (Student exp**__ __**eriment illustrating the reaction with video)**__